Which tree is quinine made from?
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Quinine, the oldest drug for malaria, is extracted from the bark of the Cinchona tree.
Quinine is believed to have rapid killing action of schizonts against intra-erythrocytic malaria parasites. It is also gametocytocidal for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium malariae.
Malaria was likely unknown in the New World before the arrival of Europeans, but cinchona was recognized fairly quickly as an effective treatment for the disease. By 1650 shipments of cinchona bark were being regularly sent to Spain from its colonies. The skillful use of “Peruvian bark” by the English physician Thomas Sydenham (1624–89) helped to separate malaria from other fevers and served as one of the first practices of specific drug therapy.
cinchona, (genus Cinchona), genus of about 23 species of plants, mostly trees, in the madder family (Rubiaceae), native to the Andes of South America. The bark of some species contains quinine and is useful against malaria