What are the main factors driving the rise of nationalism and populism in various regions, and how do these movements impact international relations and cooperation?

Nationalism and populism often surge due to feelings of disenchantment with traditional political establishments, fueled by economic disparities, identity politics, and skepticism toward globalization. These movements prioritize the interests of the nation’s citizens over global cooperation, which can strain international relations by fostering distrust and promoting isolationist policies.
The rise of nationalism and populism stems from a complex interplay of factors, including economic inequalities, cultural anxieties, and a perceived loss of sovereignty to international institutions. These movements challenge the status quo by advocating for policies that prioritize national identity and sovereignty, potentially hindering international cooperation efforts as countries focus inward rather than on global issues.
Nationalism and populism gain traction amid growing discontent with established political elites, globalization, and immigration. These movements emphasize the importance of national identity and sovereignty, often leading to the implementation of protectionist measures and strained relationships with other countries.