How is embryo sac formed?
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The embryo sac is formed in flowering plants through the following steps:
1. Megasporangium Development: A megasporangium (nucellus) develops in the ovule.
2. Megasporocyte Formation: A diploid megasporocyte (megaspore mother cell) forms within the megasporangium.
3. Meiosis: The megasporocyte undergoes meiosis, producing four haploid megaspores, of which typically one survives.
4. Megagametogenesis: The surviving megaspore undergoes mitosis to produce eight nuclei.
5. Cellular Organization: These nuclei organize into seven cells, forming the embryo sac, which includes one egg cell, two synergids, three antipodal cells, and one central cell with two polar nuclei.