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The biological process for the formation of gametes, i.e., the production of sperms and oocytes is known as gametogenesis. The process for the formation of sperms is known as spermatogenesis and that for oocytes is known as oogenesis.
Spermatogenesis
Testosterone and Follicle Stimulating Hormones are involved in the process.
Mitosis and meiosis take place in the seminiferous tubules of the testis which helps in the formation of spermatozoa.
Spermatogonia undergo mitosis and produce diploid primary spermatocytes.
The primary spermatocytes divide into two secondary spermatocytes during the first mitosis.
The secondary spermatocytes further divide by meiosis and form four spermatids.
Spermatids differentiate into functional sperms by a process called the spermiogenesis.
Oogenesis
Estrogen, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and progesterone are involved in the process.
Primordial follicles of ovaries transform into oogonia and produce diploid primary oocytes.
Primary oocytes undergo meiosis to form ootids. These get arrested at prophase I
On reaching puberty, the primary oocytes undergo meiosis and form haploid secondary oocytes and a polar body which disintegrates later.
The secondary oocytes get arrested at metaphase II.
If the egg gets fertilized the meiosis gets completed forming a polar body and an ootid.
The ovum matures and the polar bodies disintegrate.