Describe how the three-way handshake works in TCP connection establishment. What are its advantages over other methods of connection establishment?

The three-way handshake is used by TCP to establish a connection between a client and a server. It involves three steps:
The client sends a SYN (synchronize) packet to the server, indicating its intention to establish a connection.
The server responds with a SYN-ACK (synchronize-acknowledge) packet, acknowledging the client’s request and indicating its readiness to establish a connection.
Finally, the client sends an ACK (acknowledge) packet back to the server, confirming receipt of the server’s response. Upon receiving this ACK packet, the connection is considered established.
The three-way handshake ensures that both the client and server agree on initial sequence numbers, establish communication parameters, and confirm each other’s readiness to communicate.