Write down Williamson synthesis with example and condition.
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In Williamson’s synthesis, the Alkyl halide is heated with alcoholic Sodium alkoxide then the Alkoxide ion is a nucleophile that displaces a Halide ion from an alkyl halide to give an ether. Primary Alkyl halides will give a better yield. This method is used for both basic and mixed Ether preparation.
Williamson’s Synthesis;
The reaction of alkyl halides with Sodium alkoxide or Sodium phenoxide to form Ether is called Williamson synthesis.
It is a process that allows the preparation of a wide range of symmetric and asymmetric Ethers by a
mechanism.
In Williamson’s synthesis, the Alkyl halide is heated with alcoholic Sodium alkoxide then the Alkoxide ion is a nucleophile that displaces a Halide ion from an alkyl halide to give an ether.
Primary Alkyl halides will give a better yield.
This method is used for both basic and mixed Ether preparation.
Example:
Methyl iodide is heated with alcoholic Sodium ethoxide then the ethoxide ion acts as a nucleophile which displaces an iodide ion from an methyl iodide to give an Ethyl methyl ether