What were the two important results of the revolt of 1857?
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The Revolt of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny or the First War of Indian Independence, had several significant outcomes. Two important results were:
1. End of the Mughal Empire and Establishment of Direct British Rule:
– End of Mughal Rule: The revolt led to the end of the Mughal Empire, which had been a dominant power in India for centuries. The last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah II, was deposed and exiled.
– Direct British Rule: Following the suppression of the revolt, the British government dissolved the British East India Company and established direct rule over India through the British Crown. This marked the beginning of the British Raj, a period of direct imperial administration from 1858 until India’s independence in 1947.
2. Reorganization of the British Indian Army and Administrative Reforms:
– Reorganization of the Army: The British undertook significant changes in the composition and structure of the Indian Army to prevent future uprisings. This included increasing the presence of British troops and altering the recruitment policies to reduce the influence of Indian soldiers.
-Administrative Reforms: The British implemented various administrative and policy reforms aimed at consolidating their control and addressing some of the issues that had contributed to the revolt. This included changes in land revenue systems, legal reforms, and efforts to improve communication and infrastructure.
These results had a profound impact on the political and social landscape of India, shaping the country’s colonial experience and laying the groundwork for future resistance and eventual independence.
The consequences of the 1857 revolt were significant and brought about important changes:
1) The British crown took over as the rule of East India company ended
The revolt of 1857 caused the transfer of powers from the hands of the East India Company to the crown of England. This was achieved under the better government of India act of 1858. Under this act, India came into direct control under the crown, which started acting through a state secretary. The secretary was directly responsible to the British crown. An Indian council consisting of 15 members was created, out of which at least nine should have served India for at least ten years. The state secretary presided over this council. However, the central administration continued to remain in the hands of the governor-general. The governor-general also became the viceroy to the queen of England.
2) New structure for the Indian government
Under the better government act, the home government in India has to exercise the crown’s power. The Indian council was formed by 15 members, of which nine should have been serving India for at least ten years. This consisted of the state secretary, assisted by the Indian council. The court of directors elected the other six members of the Indian council. In 1907, two Indians were also selected as part of the Indian council. With this, the framing of a new government with different rules began in India.