What is the 'Two-State Solution' in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

The “Two-State Solution” refers to a proposed resolution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict that envisions the establishment of two separate states, Israel and Palestine, living side by side in peace and security. In this solution, Israel would exist as a sovereign state with secure and recognized borders, while Palestine would also be established as an independent and viable state with its own territory, government, and institutions. The borders between the two states would be negotiated based on pre-1967 borders with mutually agreed-upon land swaps to accommodate both Israeli and Palestinian territorial claims. Jerusalem would potentially serve as the capital for both states, with arrangements ensuring freedom of worship and access to holy sites for all faiths. The Two-State Solution has been a central focus of international efforts to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict for decades, but achieving a comprehensive and lasting agreement has proven elusive due to various political, security, and ideological challenges on both sides.