What is the Mediterranean diet?

The Mediterranean diet is a traditional dietary pattern inspired by the culinary traditions of countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, such as Greece, Italy, Spain, and southern France. It is characterized by an emphasis on plant-based foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and legumes, along with olive oil as the primary source of fat. The diet also includes moderate consumption of fish and poultry, low to moderate intake of dairy products, and limited consumption of red meat and sweets. Red wine is consumed in moderation with meals in some Mediterranean cultures, although this is optional. The Mediterranean diet is renowned for its health benefits, including reduced risk of heart disease, stroke, and certain chronic conditions, attributed to its high intake of antioxidants, healthy fats, and fiber-rich foods.