What is the function of mammary gland ?

The mammary gland is responsible for the production of milk in female mammals, including humans. The primary functions of the mammary gland are:

1. Milk synthesis: The mammary gland produces milk in response to hormonal changes during pregnancy and lactation.
2. Milk secretion: Milk is secreted from the mammary gland into the ducts and alveoli, where it is stored until it is expressed through the nipple.
3. Milk ejection: The mammary gland has muscles that contract to eject milk from the nipple during breastfeeding.
4. Nutrition: Mammary gland milk provides essential nutrients, antibodies, and immune factors to the infant.
5. Immune system support: Mammary gland milk contains immune cells and antibodies that help protect the infant from infections.
6. Hormone regulation: The mammary gland is influenced by hormones such as prolactin, oxytocin, and estrogen, which regulate milk production and secretion.
7. Cellular differentiation: The mammary gland undergoes cellular differentiation during pregnancy, preparing it for milk production.
8. Tissue remodeling: The mammary gland undergoes tissue remodeling during lactation and involution (after breastfeeding ends).

The mammary gland plays a vital role in nourishing and protecting the infant, and its dysfunction can lead to lactation disorders or breast diseases.