What is the concept of reconfigurable robots, and how do modular robotic systems transform their shape, structure, and functionality through self-reconfiguration or modular assembly to adapt to different tasks, environments, or mission requirements?

The concept of reconfigurable robots involves robotic systems that can change their shape, structure, and functionality to adapt to various tasks, environments, or mission requirements. This is achieved through self-reconfiguration or modular assembly, where the robot can autonomously rearrange the connectivity of its modules or be manually assembled into different configurations.

**Self-reconfiguration** is a process where the robot changes its form by rearranging the connections between its individual modules without human intervention. This allows the robot to transform its physical structure to suit specific tasks, such as moving through narrow passages or changing its center of gravity for stability¹⁴.

**Modular assembly** refers to the construction of robots from multiple independent modules that can be connected in different configurations. This enables the creation of task-specific robot morphologies, where the robot can be manually reconfigured to physically suit the task at hand, such as attaching different types of wheels or body segments for varied terrains or functions⁵.

These capabilities make reconfigurable robots highly versatile and suitable for a wide range of applications, including space exploration, search and rescue operations, and complex industrial processes, where adaptability and resilience are crucial.