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What is Gross National Happiness?
What is Gross National Happiness?
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Gross national happiness (GNH) is a measure of economic and moral progress that the country of Bhutan introduced in the 1970s as an alternative to gross domestic product. The “four pillars” of GNH are good governance, sustainable development, preservation and promotion of culture, and environmental conservation.The Bhutanese government takes the four pillars of GNH into account when deciding to pass laws.
Gross National Happiness (GNH) is a concept that measures the quality of life and well-being of citizens in a country, as opposed to focusing solely on economic indicators like Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It was coined by the fourth King of Bhutan, King Jigme Singye Wangchuck, in the 1970s, and has since become a globally recognized idea in the realm of development economics and policy-making.
Key aspects of Gross National Happiness include:
1. Multiple Dimensions: It considers various aspects of well-being beyond economic factors, such as environmental conservation, cultural preservation, mental and physical health, and good governance.
2. Indicators: GNH is assessed through a set of indicators that measure subjective well-being, psychological well-being, health, education, time use, cultural diversity and resilience, good governance, community vitality, ecological diversity and resilience, and living standards.
3. Policy Implications: Governments and organizations interested in GNH use the concept to guide policy decisions aimed at enhancing the overall happiness and well-being of their citizens rather than focusing solely on economic growth.
4. International Influence: While initially a concept associated with Bhutan, GNH has sparked interest globally, influencing discussions on alternative measures of progress and development beyond GDP.
Overall, Gross National Happiness reflects a holistic approach to development that prioritizes the happiness and well-being of individuals and communities alongside economic prosperity.