What do intestinal epithelial cells do?
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Intestinal epithelial cells form an outer protective layer. The cells have multifold functions including:
Nutrients absorption: Cells called enterocytes take up nutrients from digested food, including sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Their tiny surface projections, called microvilli, provide a large area for absorption.
Protect the gut: Protecting the intestinal lining acts as a barrier between the contents of the gut and the rest of the body. Connections called tight junctions help control what can pass through the lining and prevent unwanted substances from entering easily.