What are the cognitive biases commonly studied in psychology?

– Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, often studied in decision-making and social psychology:
– **Confirmation bias:** Tendency to search for, interpret, and favor information that confirms preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.
– **Availability heuristic:** Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; vivid or recent events may be overestimated.
– **Anchoring bias:** Reliance on the first piece of information encountered (the “anchor”) when making decisions.