What are some common causes of engine misfires in cars, and how do issues such as faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, fuel injectors, or engine sensors contribute to misfire symptoms such as rough idle, hesitation, loss of power, or increased exhaust emissions?

Engine misfires in cars can be caused by various factors, including faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, fuel injectors, or engine sensors. Worn or fouled spark plugs may fail to ignite the air-fuel mixture properly, resulting in incomplete combustion and misfires. Malfunctioning ignition coils can cause weak or inconsistent spark output, leading to ignition failures and misfires. Clogged or malfunctioning fuel injectors may deliver insufficient or uneven fuel flow, affecting combustion quality and engine performance. Faulty engine sensors, such as the crankshaft position sensor or oxygen sensor, can disrupt engine timing or fuel delivery, resulting in misfire symptoms such as rough idle, hesitation, loss of power, or increased exhaust emissions.