How does the Earth's magnetic field protect the planet from harmful solar radiation and cosmic particles by deflecting charged particles from the Sun, forming the magnetosphere, and creating phenomena such as auroras in the polar regions?

The Earth’s magnetic field, generated by the movement of molten iron in the outer core, forms a protective shield known as the magnetosphere. This shield deflects charged particles from the solar wind and cosmic rays, preventing them from penetrating the atmosphere and reaching the surface. The interaction between these charged particles and the Earth’s magnetic field produces spectacular light displays known as auroras, visible near the polar regions.