How do game developers optimize performance for real-time rendering, and what are the common techniques used to achieve this?

Game developers optimize performance by balancing graphical fidelity and computational efficiency. Common techniques include level of detail (LOD) to reduce the complexity of distant objects, occlusion culling to avoid rendering unseen objects, efficient memory management, and the use of optimization tools like GPU profilers. Additionally, developers employ multi-threading and parallel processing to maximize CPU and GPU usage, ensuring smooth and responsive gameplay.