Explain the principles of serializer/deserializer (SerDes) circuits and their role in high-speed data communication, particularly in serial link interfaces like PCIe, SATA, and HDMI.

Serializer/deserializer circuits convert parallel data streams to serial data streams for transmission over high-speed serial links and vice versa. They are essential components in serial communication interfaces, enabling high data rates, reduced pin count, and longer transmission distances in modern electronic systems.