Describe how quantum entanglement is utilized in the concept of quantum supremacy and what challenges exist in demonstrating quantum supremacy experimentally.

Quantum entanglement is a key resource in demonstrating quantum supremacy, where a quantum computer performs tasks infeasible for classical computers. Entangled states enable the superposition and interference needed for complex quantum computations. Experimentally, demonstrating quantum supremacy involves challenges like maintaining high fidelity of entangled states, error rates, decoherence, and scaling up the number of qubits. Successful demonstrations, such as Google’s Sycamore processor, rely on precise control and error mitigation techniques to harness the power of entanglement in surpassing classical computational capabilities.