The human liver is formed by distinct cell types. The cells that are broadly categorized as hepatocytes and non-hepatocyte liver cells. These cells are highly organized and responsible for performing adequate liver function.
Hepatocytes make up more than 70% of the liver cells. They are responsible for bile production that aids in digestion, absorption of nutrients, conversion of nutrients into energy, storage of vitamins and glycogen, and production of essential proteins like albumin. The core mechanism involves the breakdown of medicines, alcohol, and other substances that enter the body. They are also unique because they can divide and replace damaged cells, giving the liver its well-known ability to regenerate after injury.

Hepatocytes make up the liver and have subtypes based on their specific functions. There are two main types of hepatocytes, classified based on where they are located within the liver lobule: periportal hepatocytes and pericentral (centrilobular) hepatocytes. Between these two regions is Zone 2, which contains hepatocytes with features that fall somewhere in between.
Periportal hepatocytes: The cells are located closer to the portal vein and receive the highest supply of oxygen and nutrients. These cells are mainly responsible for energy-producing processes such as glucose production, fatty acid breakdown, cholesterol synthesis, and ammonia detoxification through the urea cycle.

In a multicellular organism, every tissue is made up of specialized cell types that aid in carrying out a specific function. When a tissue is paired with its primary cell type, it means those cells are the key contributors to the structure and activity of that tissue.
For instance, epithelial cells make up epithelial tissue. The tissues are responsible for protective coverings and lining the body and major organ systems. Similarly, endothelial cells make up the endothelium that lines blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and smooth muscle of the heart. It forms the largest system in the body.

Human dermal fibroblast cells have a crucial function in forming and maintaining the extracellular matrix. They play a vital role in maintaining younger-looking, healthy, and youthful skin. Fibroblasts contribute to cross-linking and are responsible for collagen and elastin production. These are crucial proteins that provide firmness, elasticity, and the ability to repair itself to the skin.
As we age, fibroblasts become less active. This gradual decline is one of the reasons why skin starts to lose its firmness, fine lines become more noticeable, and wounds may take longer to heal. The good news is that there are ways to support and stimulate fibroblast activity.

Mast Cells and Basophils are important components of the immune system that help protect the body from harmful substances, infections, and allergens. Although they share some similar functions, they work in slightly different ways and locations within the body.
Mast cells are located over the protective organs, such as the skin, lungs, digestive tract, and connective tissues. Mast cells are “first responders” on interaction with foreign molecules (allergens, pathogens, environmental toxins, irritants, or infection). Mast cells release chemical mediators like histamine, cytokines, and heparin. Histamine increases blood flow and makes blood vessels more permeable, allowing immune cells to reach the affected area quickly.