Why do leaves change color in the fall?
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Leaves change color in the fall due to the breakdown of chlorophyll, the green pigment responsible for photosynthesis. As days get shorter and temperatures drop, trees begin to prepare for winter by slowing down their photosynthetic activity. Chlorophyll breaks down, revealing other pigments like carotenoids (which produce yellow and orange colors) and anthocyanins (responsible for reds and purples). The specific colors and intensity depend on the species of tree and environmental conditions.