Who is the Father of Modern Astronomy?

The “Father of Modern Astronomy” is often considered to be Nicolaus Copernicus. Copernicus was a Renaissance-era mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun, rather than the Earth, at its center. This heliocentric theory was revolutionary at the time and laid the foundation for modern astronomy, fundamentally changing our understanding of the cosmos and paving the way for future astronomers such as Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, and Isaac Newton.