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Monocarpellary and multicarpellary refer to the structure of the gynoecium (female reproductive organ) in flowers.
Monocarpellary:
– A gynoecium composed of a single carpel (modified leaf that bears ovules).
– The carpel is free, not fused with other carpels.
– Examples: legumes (peas, beans), rosaceae (roses, apples).
Multicarpellary:
– A gynoecium composed of multiple carpels.
– The carpels are fused together to form a single structure.
– Examples: asteraceae (sunflowers, daisies), liliaceae (lilies, tulips).
Key differences:
– Number of carpels: Monocarpellary has one carpel, while multicarpellary has multiple carpels.
– Fusion: In monocarpellary, the carpel is free, while in multicarpellary, the carpels are fused.
– Examples: Different plant families exhibit either monocarpellary or multicarpellary structures.
Understanding the difference between monocarpellary and multicarpellary is important in plant systematics, evolution, and reproductive biology.