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Periodic abstinence, also known as natural family planning (NFP) or fertility awareness methods (FAM), involves tracking a woman’s menstrual cycle and avoiding intercourse during fertile periods to prevent pregnancy. This approach relies on understanding the body’s natural signs of fertility, such as:
1. Basal body temperature (BBT)
2. Cervical mucus
3. Menstrual cycle length
4. Hormonal changes
By monitoring these signs, couples can identify the fertile window and abstain from intercourse during that time.
Some common methods used in periodic abstinence include:
1. Rhythm method
2. Billings method
3. Sympto-thermal method
4. Fertility awareness method (FAM)
While periodic abstinence can be effective, it requires:
1. Accurate tracking and recording of fertility signs
2. Discipline and commitment to abstaining during fertile periods
3. Regular menstrual cycles
4. No disruptions in fertility signs (e.g., due to illness or medication)
Effectiveness rates vary depending on the method and correct usage, but typical effectiveness rates range from 76% to 99%. Keep in mind that periodic abstinence does not protect against STIs.