What are the main themes and literary techniques used in dystopian literature, and how do they reflect social and political concerns?

Dystopian literature explores themes of totalitarianism, surveillance, oppression, and societal decay in imagined future worlds. Literary techniques such as symbolism, irony, foreshadowing, and allegory are used to critique contemporary issues, warn against potential dystopian futures, and stimulate reflection on power, authority, and human nature.