What are lambda expressions and functional interfaces?
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1. Lambda Expressions: Lambda expressions provide a concise way to represent anonymous functions or methods. They allow you to treat functionality as a method argument or express instances of single-method interfaces (functional interfaces) more compactly. Lambda expressions consist of parameters, an arrow (->), and a body. They enable the writing of more expressive and readable code by reducing boilerplate code and promoting functional programming practices.
2. Functional Interfaces: A functional interface is an interface that contains only one abstract method. Functional interfaces are used as the basis for lambda expressions and method references. They serve as the types for lambda expressions and provide a way to define and enforce contracts for functional behavior. Functional interfaces can have multiple default or static methods, but they must have only one abstract method to be considered functional. Java provides predefined functional interfaces such as Predicate, Consumer, Supplier, and Function in the java.util.function package.