How does a solar eclipse occur?
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A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking all or part of the Sun’s light from reaching Earth. This phenomenon happens only during the New Moon phase when the Sun, Moon, and Earth are aligned in a straight line.
There are three types of solar eclipses:
1. Total Solar Eclipse: This occurs when the Moon completely covers the Sun, casting a shadow on Earth’s surface. During a total solar eclipse, the sky darkens dramatically, and the Sun’s corona becomes visible. Total solar eclipses are visible only from within the path of totality, which is a narrow track on Earth’s surface where the Moon completely blocks the Sun.
2. Partial Solar Eclipse: In a partial solar eclipse, the Moon covers only a portion of the Sun’s disk as seen from Earth. This happens when the alignment of the Sun, Moon, and Earth is not perfectly straight, resulting in the Moon casting a partial shadow on Earth’s surface.
3. Annular Solar Eclipse: An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon is at its farthest point from Earth in its elliptical orbit, making it appear smaller than the Sun. As a result, during an annular eclipse, the Moon does not completely cover the Sun, leaving a ring of sunlight visible around the edges of the Moon’s disk.
Solar eclipses are rare events and can only be observed from specific geographic locations on Earth where the alignment of the Sun, Moon, and Earth allows for such phenomena to occur.