How do plate tectonics contribute to the formation of geological features such as mountains, volcanoes, and earthquakes, and what are the implications for Earth's geology and geography?

Plate tectonics is the theory that Earth’s lithosphere is divided into several large, rigid plates that move relative to each other over the asthenosphere. Plate movements result in geological processes such as subduction, collision, and divergence, leading to the formation of mountain ranges, volcanic arcs, ocean basins, and fault lines. Plate tectonics influence Earth’s topography, seismic activity, and distribution of natural resources, shaping landscapes and ecosystems over geological time scales.