How do epigenetic changes influence evolutionary processes, and what evidence supports their role in rapid adaptation to environmental changes?

Epigenetics involves changes in gene expression that do not alter the DNA sequence but can be inherited. These changes can be triggered by environmental factors, potentially allowing organisms to adapt more quickly than through genetic mutations alone. Evidence for epigenetic contributions to evolution includes observations of rapid plant adaptation to climate change and transgenerational effects seen in animal behaviors and stress responses. These findings suggest that epigenetics could play a significant role in evolution by providing a mechanism for populations to adjust phenotypically to new challenges within a few generations.