Discuss the role of shaders in game graphics and the different types of shaders used to enhance visual effects.

Shaders are programs that run on the GPU to control the rendering of graphics. Types of shaders include vertex shaders, which process vertex data to transform and project geometry; fragment (pixel) shaders, which calculate color and lighting for each pixel; and compute shaders, which handle general-purpose computations. Shaders enhance visual effects by enabling advanced techniques like lighting, shadows, reflections, and post-processing effects, significantly improving the graphical fidelity of games.