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Population doubling time, td can be expressed as (where μ is the specific growth rate.)
specific growth rates (μ), and population doubling times (t d = 0.693/μ) for L.
specific growth rates (μ), and population doubling times (t d = 0.693/μ) for L.
See lessThe high oxygen transfer efficiencies of airlift bioreactors is due to
This is caused by a circulatory effect that the draft tube induces in the reactor. In an airlift PBR, the circulation occurs in one direction, and hence the bubbles also travel in one direction. Usually, cells grown in airlift bioreactors have higher productivities than those grown in stirred tank rRead more
This is caused by a circulatory effect that the draft tube induces in the reactor. In an airlift PBR, the circulation occurs in one direction, and hence the bubbles also travel in one direction. Usually, cells grown in airlift bioreactors have higher productivities than those grown in stirred tank reactors.
See lessThe maximum specific growth rate (μm) of an organism in batch culture is equal to slope of a plot of
One of the most important parameters to be determined is the maximum specific growth rate (μmax). In general, it is evaluated by cultivating the microorganism in batch systems and subsequently elaborating the experimental data obtained during the exponential phase of growth.1
One of the most important parameters to be determined is the maximum specific growth rate (μmax). In general, it is evaluated by cultivating the microorganism in batch systems and subsequently elaborating the experimental data obtained during the exponential phase of growth.1
See lessThe height to diameter ratio (H/D) for the column fermenters is
ratio of 3:1 are typical. In cell culture, where gas flow rates are lower and mixing is gentle, a common range for H:D is 1.5:1–2.1:1. Autoclavable and sterilize-in-place bioreactors are designed with top and bottom heads, whereas current single-use vessel designs only have bottom heads.
ratio of 3:1 are typical. In cell culture, where gas flow rates are lower and mixing is gentle, a common range for H:D is 1.5:1–2.1:1. Autoclavable and sterilize-in-place bioreactors are designed with top and bottom heads, whereas current single-use vessel designs only have bottom heads.
See lessThe Monod Model relates
It is named for Jacques Monod (1910–1976, a French biochemist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1965), who proposed using an equation of this form to relate microbial growth rates in an aqueous environment to the concentration of a limiting nutrient.
It is named for Jacques Monod (1910–1976, a French biochemist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1965), who proposed using an equation of this form to relate microbial growth rates in an aqueous environment to the concentration of a limiting nutrient.
See lessThe function(s) of the draft tube in an airlift bioreactor is
the airlift PBR differs from the bubble-column PBR by the presence of a draft tube, which increases mixing through the reactor and enhances axial mixing throughout the whole reactor to reduce bubble coalescence. This is caused by a circulatory effect that the draft tube induces in the reactor.
the airlift PBR differs from the bubble-column PBR by the presence of a draft tube, which increases mixing through the reactor and enhances axial mixing throughout the whole reactor to reduce bubble coalescence. This is caused by a circulatory effect that the draft tube induces in the reactor.
See lessHeat transfer rates (per unit volume) will be lowest in
The heat transfer rate from the water increases with the increase in the volume of drinking water. This is due to the increase in the water mass. Increasing the drinking water volume elevates the water mass; therefore it raises the heat transfer rate from the drinking water.
The heat transfer rate from the water increases with the increase in the volume of drinking water. This is due to the increase in the water mass. Increasing the drinking water volume elevates the water mass; therefore it raises the heat transfer rate from the drinking water.
See lessWhen intracellular enzymes of whole cells are to be used in a bio-conversion process, it is often necessary to____________the cells.
These enzymes facilitate metabolic processes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. For instance, they support both the process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration within the cell. They also contribute to intracellular digestion.
These enzymes facilitate metabolic processes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. For instance, they support both the process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration within the cell. They also contribute to intracellular digestion.
See lessBacterial growth curve is obtained by plotting
Bacterial growth curves plot the amount of bacteria in a culture as a function of time. A typical growth curve progresses through four stages: lag phase, exponential phase, stationary phase, and death phase. The lag phase is the time it takes for bacteria to reach a state where they can grow and divRead more
Bacterial growth curves plot the amount of bacteria in a culture as a function of time. A typical growth curve progresses through four stages: lag phase, exponential phase, stationary phase, and death phase. The lag phase is the time it takes for bacteria to reach a state where they can grow and divide quickly.
See lessFermentor should be filled with medium upto
Fermenters made of glass or stainless steel are available in different sizes, each having a different volume capacity: small-sized fermenters 1–2 l; medium-sized 12–15 l; and large fermenters about 100,000 gallons.
Fermenters made of glass or stainless steel are available in different sizes, each having a different volume capacity: small-sized fermenters 1–2 l; medium-sized 12–15 l; and large fermenters about 100,000 gallons.
See less