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What is RISC-V?
RISC-V is an open-source instruction set architecture (ISA) used for the development of custom processors targeting a variety of end applications. Originally developed at the University of California, Berkeley, the RISC-V ISA is considered the fifth generation of processors built on the concept of tRead more
RISC-V is an open-source instruction set architecture (ISA) used for the development of custom processors targeting a variety of end applications. Originally developed at the University of California, Berkeley, the RISC-V ISA is considered the fifth generation of processors built on the concept of the reduced instruction set computer (RISC). Due to its openness and its technical merits, it has become very popular in recent years. The standard is now managed by RISC-V International and many implementations of RISC-V are available, both as open-source cores and as commercial IP products.The intent is that through collaboration, the member companies can contribute new avenues of processor innovation while promoting new degrees of design freedom. The royalty-free RISC-V ISA features a small core set of instructions upon which all the design’s software runs. Its optional extensions allow designers to tailor the architecture for a variety of different end markets. Essentially, the RISC-V architecture allows designers to customize and build their processor in a way that’s tailored to their target end applications, so they can optimize the power, performance, and area (PPA) for those applications. The RISC-V ISA also provides the flexibility to pick and choose from available features, rather than having to use the full feature set. While the initial market adoption of RISC-V has been with embedded applications and microcontrollers, the open-source architecture also holds promise for high-performance computing and data centers.
See lessWhat is a phototransistor?
The phototransistor is a semiconductor device that is able to sense light levels and alter the current flowing between emitter and collector according to the level of light it receives.Although all bipolar transistors themselves are light sensitive, which is why most transistors are encapsulated inRead more
The phototransistor is a semiconductor device that is able to sense light levels and alter the current flowing between emitter and collector according to the level of light it receives.Although all bipolar transistors themselves are light sensitive, which is why most transistors are encapsulated in metal or plastic cans, phototransistors are a specialised form of bipolar transistor that have been optimised for its light sensitivity, making these electronic components ideal for many light sensing applications.The photo-transistor operates because light striking the semiconductor frees electrons / holes and causes current to flow in the base region.The base of the photo transistor would only be used to bias the transistor so that additional collector current was flowing and this would mask any current flowing as a result of the photo-action. For operation the bias conditions are quite simple.The light enters the base region where it causes hole electron pairs to be generated. This generation mainly occurs in the reverse biased base-collector junction. The hole-electron pairs move under the influence of the electric field and provide the base current, causing electrons to be injected into the emitter. As a result the photodiode current is multiplied by the current gain β of the transistor. Transistor is made positive with respect to the emitter or negative for a PNP transistor.One of the drawbacks of the phototransistor is that is particularly slow and its high frequency response is very poor. There is a small amount of current that flows in the photo-transistor even when no light is present. This is called the dark current, and represents the small number of carriers that are injected into the emitter. Like the photo-generated carriers this is also subject to the amplification by the transistor action.
See lessPhototransistor applications:-
*Encoders where a rotating disc with light and dark stripes rotates – this gives speed and direction or rotation.
*Card readers.
*Security systems
*Infra-red detectors.
*Lighting control.
*Opto-couplers
*Counting systems – a light or IR beam is interrupted for each item counted.
*Lighting control.
What is the outer layer of kidney?
The kidneys are the primary organs of the urinary system. The kidneys are the organs that filter the blood, remove the wastes, and excrete the wastes in the urine. The cortex is the outside layer or covering of many body organs, so the renal cortex is the outer layer of the kidney. The renal cortexRead more
The kidneys are the primary organs of the urinary system. The kidneys are the organs that filter the blood, remove the wastes, and excrete the wastes in the urine. The cortex is the outside layer or covering of many body organs, so the renal cortex is the outer layer of the kidney. The renal cortex is also known as the kidney cortex. The cortex surrounds the inside of the organ, which is called the medulla. The renal cortex itself is covered by the renal capsule, which is a layer of tougher protective tissue.The renal cortex is brownish-red in color.
See lessWhat is a PPP model ?
A Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is a partnership between the public sector and the private sector for the purpose of delivering a project or a service traditionally provided by the public sector. The advantage of a PPP is that the management skills and financial acumen of private businesses couldRead more
A Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is a partnership between the public sector and the private sector for the purpose of delivering a project or a service traditionally provided by the public sector. The advantage of a PPP is that the management skills and financial acumen of private businesses could create better value for money for taxpayers when proper cooperative arrangements between the public and private sectors are used.
See lessThere are various PPP contract models based on funding and which partner is responsible for owning and maintaining assets at different stages of the government project.
*Design-build (DB)
*Operation and maintenance contract (O&M).
*Design-build-finance-operate (DBFO)
*Build-own-operate (BOO)
*Build-own-operate-transfer (BOOT)
*Buy-build-operate (BBO)
*Build-lease-operate-transfer (BLOT)
*Operation license
*Finance only
What is the name of the water body between Saudi Arabia and Africa?
The Red Sea separates the Arabian Peninsula from northeastern Africa.The Red Sea is bordered by Egypt, Sudan, and Eritrea on the west and Saudi Arabia and Yemen on the east. With its connection to the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal, it is one of the most heavily traveled waterways in the worldRead more
The Red Sea separates the Arabian Peninsula from northeastern Africa.The Red Sea is bordered by Egypt, Sudan, and Eritrea on the west and Saudi Arabia and Yemen on the east. With its connection to the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal, it is one of the most heavily traveled waterways in the world.One of the world’s busiest trade routes, the Red Sea carries traffic largely between Europe and Asia.The Red Sea contains some of the world’s hottest and saltiest seawater.
See lessWhy does "Red Sea" has this name?
The Red Sea’s name is derived from the color changes observed in its water. Normally the Red Sea is an intense blue green. Because of the presence of a red algae, however, the color of the water at times appears reddish brown. Extensive water evaporation and little water inflow increase the water’sRead more
The Red Sea’s name is derived from the color changes observed in its water. Normally the Red Sea is an intense blue green. Because of the presence of a red algae, however, the color of the water at times appears reddish brown. Extensive water evaporation and little water inflow increase the water’s salinity, or saltiness. No water enters the Red Sea from rivers.
See lessWhat is the term for the psychological phenomenon where people perceive patterns or connections in random data or events?
Apophenia, also known as patternicity, means seeing patterns in random events. It also applies when people deduce meaning from numbers, images, shapes, or any other objects that are truly random. Apophenia can also be the result of training. Some scientists and medical professionals connect facts anRead more
Apophenia, also known as patternicity, means seeing patterns in random events. It also applies when people deduce meaning from numbers, images, shapes, or any other objects that are truly random. Apophenia can also be the result of training. Some scientists and medical professionals connect facts and data to make diagnoses. But sometimes this skill can turn into a bias, where people see patterns that aren’t there.
See lessTypes of apophenia:-
*Pareidolia: seeing an image or sound from random visual or auditory stimuli.
*Clustering illusion: seeing patterns in events and data when there is no connection between data points.
*Confirmation bias: tendency to only accept information that confirms prior beliefs.
*Gambler’s fallacy: believing that a prior series of events affects a future event, even though the two are unrelated.
When is World Radio Day celebrated?
Celebrating radio's rich past, ongoing relevance, and promising future is the topic chosen by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to mark World Radio Day 2024 on 13 February 2024. "Radio: A century informing, entertaining and educating" is the theme of WorldRead more
Celebrating radio’s rich past, ongoing relevance, and promising future is the topic chosen by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to mark World Radio Day 2024 on 13 February 2024. “Radio: A century informing, entertaining and educating” is the theme of World Radio Day 2024. The 100-year-plus milestone of Radio is an occasion to proudly celebrate the medium’s extensive virtues and ongoing potency.UNESCO recognizes and understands the tremendous variety of business models and technological architecture in Radio around the world as well as the independent nature of its companies and organizations, large and small, plus the idiosyncrasies of its on-air personalities.
See lessWho is known as the Father of Indian cinema?
The Father of Indian cinema is Dadasaheb Phalke who was born as Dhundiraj Govind Phalke in 1870, in the Trimbak city of Nashik, Maharashtra, where his father was a priest and his mother was a homemaker in a family of nine people.He found his film company, Phalke Films Company, in 1912 and after toilRead more
The Father of Indian cinema is Dadasaheb Phalke who was born as Dhundiraj Govind Phalke in 1870, in the Trimbak city of Nashik, Maharashtra, where his father was a priest and his mother was a homemaker in a family of nine people.He found his film company, Phalke Films Company, in 1912 and after toiling for almost eight months, the country got its first silent moving picture – Raja Harishchandra. Thus, the foundation of Indian cinema as we now know it was laid in 1913, more than three decades before India achieved its independence from British Raj.
See lessWho wrote the novel "The Silent Patient"?
The Silent Patient is a shocking psychological thriller of a woman’s act of violence against her husband—and of the therapist obsessed with uncovering her motive.This 2019 psychological thriller novel is written by British–Cypriot author Alex Michaelides.His debut novel,The Silent Patient, is a NewRead more
The Silent Patient is a shocking psychological thriller of a woman’s act of violence against her husband—and of the therapist obsessed with uncovering her motive.This 2019 psychological thriller novel is written by British–Cypriot author Alex Michaelides.His debut novel,The Silent Patient, is a New York Times and Sunday Times bestseller, with over 6.5 million copies sold.He studied psychotherapy for three years, and worked for two years at a secure unit for young adults. This work provided material and inspiration for this debut novel.Michaelides’ second novel, The Maidens, was published on 10 June 2021 by Orion Publishing (UK) and on 15 June 2021 by Celadon Books (US).It is a psychological detective story about a series of murders at a Cambridge college.
See less