Earth’s axis is an imaginary pole going right through the center of Earth from “top” to “bottom.” Earth spins around this pole, making one complete turn each day. That is why we have day and night, and why every part of Earth’s surface gets some of each.The seasons are caused by the Earth being tilted on its axis by an average of 23.5 degrees (Earth’s tilt on its axis actually varies from near 22 degrees to 24.5 degrees).The Earth has an elliptical orbit around our Sun. The Earth is at its closest point distance wise to the Sun in January (called the Perihelion) and the furthest in July (the Aphelion). But this distance change is not great enough to cause any substantial difference in our climate. This is why the Earth’s 23.5 degree tilt is all important in changing our seasons. Near June 21st, the summer solstice, the Earth is tilted such that the Sun is positioned directly over the Tropic of Cancer at 23.5 degrees north latitude. This situates the northern hemisphere in a more direct path of the Sun’s energy. What this means is less sunlight gets scattered before reaching the ground because it has less distance to travel through the atmosphere. In addition, the high sun angle produces long days. The opposite is true in the southern hemisphere, where the low sun angle produces short days. Furthermore, a large amount of the Sun’s energy is scattered before reaching the ground because the energy has to travel through more of the atmosphere. Therefore near June 21st, the southern hemisphere is having its winter solstice because it “leans” away from the Sun.On the winter solstice near December 21st, the Sun is positioned directly over the Tropic of Capricorn at 23.5 degrees south latitude. The southern hemisphere is therefore receiving the direct sunlight, with little scattering of the sun’s rays and a high sun angle producing long days. The northern hemisphere is tipped away from the Sun, producing short days and a low sun angle.

The Duty Drawback Scheme aims to provide the refund/ recoupment of custom and excise duties paid on inputs or raw materials and service tax paid on the input services used in manufacturing export goods.Duty Drawback is a trusted and time-tested scheme administered by CBIC to promote exports.The scheme comprises of three categories are (a) All Industry Rate (b) Brand Rate and (c) Drawback on re-export of imported goods.The Duty Drawback provisions are described under Section 74 and Section 75 under the Customs Act, 1962. This Act laid down the various restrictions and conditions to claim drawback of duties under certain situations.
Section 74: As per section 74, if the re-exports of imported goods are identified quickly and within two years from the date of payment of duty on the importation. Then an exporter can claim 98% of the duty paid by him as a drawback under section 74.
Section 75: As per section 75, if the export of goods manufactured or processed out of imported material with value addition, a drawback of customs duties chargeable on any imported materials of a class or description should be allowed. If sale proceeds are not received within the stipulated period, a drawback is to be reversed or adjusted. Duty Drawback under section 75 can be claimed either as a fixed percentage depending upon the value of goods exported.

Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Mohan Yadav on June 13,2024, launched ‘PM Shri Tourism Air Services. Chief Minister Yadav flagged off the first flight between Bhopal and Jabalpur from Raja Bhoj airport.This flight will go from Bhopal to Jabalpur via Rewa, and from there it will land in Singrauli, an official said. Meanwhile, the Chief Minister also inaugurated a ticket-booking counter at the airport. These air services would be operated in the state on a Public Private Partnership (PPP) basis through Jetserve Aviation Private Limited.

In genetics, the term junk DNA refers to regions of DNA that are noncoding.DNA contains instructions (coding) that are used to create proteins in the cell. However, the amount of DNA contained inside each cell is vast and not all of the genetic sequences present within a DNA molecule actually code for a protein.Some of this noncoding DNA is used to produce non-coding RNA components such as transfer RNA, regulatory RNA and ribosomal RNA. However, other DNA regions are not transcribed into proteins, nor are they used to produce RNA molecules and their function is unknown.The proportion of coding versus noncoding DNA varies significantly between species. In the human genome for example, almost all (98%) of the DNA is noncoding, while in bacteria, only 2% of the genetic material does not code for anything.