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For glucose isomerization by immobilized enzyme, the reactor generally used is
High-fructose corn syrups (HFCSs) are prepared by enzymatic isomerization of glucose syrups (DE 95–98; 40–50%, DS) in column reactors containing immobilized enzyme. Reactors are run at pH 7.5–8.0 and 55–60 °C.
High-fructose corn syrups (HFCSs) are prepared by enzymatic isomerization of glucose syrups (DE 95–98; 40–50%, DS) in column reactors containing immobilized enzyme. Reactors are run at pH 7.5–8.0 and 55–60 °C.
See lessWhen intracellular enzymes of whole cells are to be used in a bio-conversion process, it is often necessary to____________the cells.
These enzymes facilitate metabolic processes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. For instance, they support both the process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration within the cell. They also contribute to intracellular digestion.
These enzymes facilitate metabolic processes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. For instance, they support both the process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration within the cell. They also contribute to intracellular digestion.
See lessBacterial growth curve is obtained by plotting
Bacterial growth curves plot the amount of bacteria in a culture as a function of time. A typical growth curve progresses through four stages: lag phase, exponential phase, stationary phase, and death phase. The lag phase is the time it takes for bacteria to reach a state where they can grow and divRead more
Bacterial growth curves plot the amount of bacteria in a culture as a function of time. A typical growth curve progresses through four stages: lag phase, exponential phase, stationary phase, and death phase. The lag phase is the time it takes for bacteria to reach a state where they can grow and divide quickly.
See lessFermentor should be filled with medium upto
Fermenters made of glass or stainless steel are available in different sizes, each having a different volume capacity: small-sized fermenters 1–2 l; medium-sized 12–15 l; and large fermenters about 100,000 gallons.
Fermenters made of glass or stainless steel are available in different sizes, each having a different volume capacity: small-sized fermenters 1–2 l; medium-sized 12–15 l; and large fermenters about 100,000 gallons.
See lessWash out in steady state fermentation occurs when
To reach a culture at steady-state, the specific growth (µ) must be equal than the dilution rate (D) This equilibrium can be achieved controlling the substrate concentration (S) in the fermentation medium by the media addition of fresh media.
To reach a culture at steady-state, the specific growth (µ) must be equal than the dilution rate (D) This equilibrium can be achieved controlling the substrate concentration (S) in the fermentation medium by the media addition of fresh media.
See lessAn open system in which the growth rate is maintained by the removal and addition of media at such a rate as to maintain a constant cell density is called a
An open system in which the growth rate is maintained by the removal and addition of media at such a rate as to maintain a constant cell density
An open system in which the growth rate is maintained by the removal and addition of media at such a rate as to maintain a constant cell density
See lessWhy a T-flask used in small-scale cell culture is incubated in a horizontal position?
It is recommended that flasks be placed flat (horizontal), rather than standing on end (vertical). This is generally a requirement to achieve proper gas exchange for cell growth. The usual ratio of medium volume to surface area is 0.2 - 0.5 mL/cm2.
It is recommended that flasks be placed flat (horizontal), rather than standing on end (vertical). This is generally a requirement to achieve proper gas exchange for cell growth. The usual ratio of medium volume to surface area is 0.2 – 0.5 mL/cm2.
See lessBubble column reactor has
A bubble column reactor is basically a cylindrical vessel with a gas distributor at the bottom. The gas is sparged in the form of bubbles into either a liquid phase or a liquid–solid suspension. These reactors are generally referred to as slurry bubble column reactors when a solid phase exists.
A bubble column reactor is basically a cylindrical vessel with a gas distributor at the bottom. The gas is sparged in the form of bubbles into either a liquid phase or a liquid–solid suspension. These reactors are generally referred to as slurry bubble column reactors when a solid phase exists.
See lessWhich of the following is not correct for the Monod model and the Michaelis Menten Model?
The Monod equation has the same form as the Michaelis–Menten equation, but differs in that it is empirical while the latter is based on theoretical considerations. The Monod equation is commonly used in environmental engineering. For example, it is used in the activated sludge model for sewage treatRead more
The Monod equation has the same form as the Michaelis–Menten equation, but differs in that it is empirical while the latter is based on theoretical considerations. The Monod equation is commonly used in environmental engineering. For example, it is used in the activated sludge model for sewage treatment.
See lessThe maximum specific growth rate of an organism depends on
Temperature has a strong effect on a range of kinetic parameters, including the maximum specific growth rate of microorganisms, the half-saturation constant, the growth yield and the decay rate.
Temperature has a strong effect on a range of kinetic parameters, including the maximum specific growth rate of microorganisms, the half-saturation constant, the growth yield and the decay rate.
See less