What causes acid rain?
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Acid rain is primarily caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from human activities, such as burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) in power plants, industrial facilities, and vehicles. When these pollutants are released into the atmosphere, they react with water vapor, oxygen, and other chemicals to form sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3). These acidic compounds then combine with water droplets in the atmosphere, forming acid rain, snow, fog, or other forms of precipitation. Acid rain can have harmful effects on the environment, including damage to forests, lakes, rivers, and ecosystems, as well as corrosion of buildings, infrastructure, and cultural heritage sites.