How do horror films use psychological manipulation to make audiences empathize with villains or monsters?

Horror films often use psychological manipulation to elicit empathy for villains or monsters by exploring their backstories or psychological motivations. By humanizing these characters, filmmakers make them more relatable and complex, as seen with the tragic backstory of Michael Myers in “Halloween” or the sympathetic portrayal of Norman Bates in “Psycho.” This approach can shift audience perceptions from viewing these characters as mere threats to understanding them as products of their circumstances or psychological trauma, thereby creating a more nuanced and emotionally engaging experience.