What are the differences between antigens and antibodies?
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Antigens are foreign substances, like bacteria or viruses, that trigger an immune response. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system in response to antigens. Antibodies specifically bind to antigens to neutralize or eliminate them. In essence, antigens are the targets, and antibodies are the defense mechanism against these targets.
An antigen is any substance that prompts your body to trigger an immune response against it. Each antigen has distinct surface features, or epitopes, resulting in specific responses.
Antigens include allergens, bacteria and viruses.
Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins that the body produces when it detects antigens. Antibodies are produced by immune cells called B cells.
Each antibody contains a paratope that recognizes a specific epitope on an antigen, acting like a lock and key binding mechanism. This binding helps to eliminate antigens from the body, either by direct neutralization or by ‘tagging’ for other arms of the immune system.