What is germination definition and types?
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Germination is the fundamental process in which the sown plant seeds are grown into young plants or seedlings. Based on their growing conditions and the fate of the cotyledons, the process of germination is classified into two main types: Epigeal Germination. Hypogeal Germination.
Germination is the process by which a seed develops into a new plant. It involves the seed absorbing water, swelling, and breaking its coat to sprout.
Types of Germination:
Epigeal Germination: The seed cotyledons (seed leaves) are pushed above the soil, as seen in beans.
Hypogeal Germination: The seed cotyledons stay below the soil, with only the shoot emerging, as seen in peas.
The process through which a new plant develops from its seed is called seed germination. There are two types Epigeal and hypogeal seed germination.
Epigeal germination: Due to the extension of the hypocotyl, the cotyledons come above the surface of the soil and perform the process of photosynthesis till the seedling becomes self-regulating and also stores food. Examples are bean, papaya, onion, cotton, and castor.
Hypogeal seed germination: The cotyledons do not come out of the soil surface in this category. Examples are seeds of maize, rice, pea, gram, mango, and groundnut.